论文题目：High bacterial diversity drives the suppression of a soilborne plant disease
论文作者：Xiaoli Bai, Zhefei Li, Beibei Chena, Xun Qian, Yu Guo, Qian Wang, Chun Chen, Weimin Chen, Xihui Shen, Jialin Liu, Juan Jin, Weiqin Zhang, Qi Liu, Shi Chen, Shanshan Yang, Leilei Xu, Marcel G. A. van der Heijden, James M. Tiedje, Shuo Jiao, Gehong Wei
论文摘要：The rhizosphere microbiome plays a crucial role in the resistance to soilborne plant diseases. However, the principles needed to explain and predict which microbiota will be effective against soilborne pathogens are still lacking due to the complexity of the soil microbial community. We hypothesized that, independent of particular microbial strains, a high diversity is associated with, or increases the probability of, effective suppression. We tested this hypothesis by demonstrating that random combinations of rhizosphere microbial isolates, with the same bacterial diversity, had an equal impact on suppressing root diseases. The incidence of root rot was significantly reduced when soil bacterial diversity was high. We further investigated how high-diversity bacterial communities suppress root rot by constructing synthetic bacterial communities (SynComs). The results suggest that high bacterial diversity suppresses pathogens through mechanisms potentially including nutrient competition and the formation of physical barriers on the root surface. Our study highlights that high bacterial diversity is beneficial for suppressing soilborne plant diseases, offering a nonchemical and sustainable approach for crop disease management.
根际微生物群落在防治植物土传病害中发挥着至关重要作用。然而，由于土壤微生物群落的复杂性，目前尚难以预测哪些微生物类群能有效抑制土传病原菌以及他们的抑菌机制。我们推测，除了具有抑菌功能的特定微生物菌株，多样性增加可能会提高微生物群落对病原菌的抑制效果。为了验证这一假设，我们将从根际分离的微生物菌株进行了随机组合，结果表明细菌多样性相同的菌群对植物根部病害具有同等抑制效果。当土壤细菌多样性较高时，植物根腐病的发生率显著降低。我们进一步通过构建合成细菌群落（SynComs）探究了高多样性细菌群落抑制植物根腐病的机制。结果表明，高多样性细菌群落通过营养竞争以及在植物根表面形成物理屏障等抑制病原菌的侵染。本研究证实，高多样性细菌群落可有效抑制植物土传病害的发生，为作物病害防治提供了一种环境友好型的生物防控策略。
论文链接：https://www.pnas.org/doi/10.1073/pnas.2509303123